How to Mark a Book
This outline addresses why you would ever want to mark in
a book. For each reason, the outline
gives specific strategies to achieve your goals in reading the book. (Click
here to read the
essay that this outline was created for.)
- Interact with the book – talk back to it. You learn more from a conversation than you do from a lecture. (This is the text-to-self connection.)
- Typical marks
i.
Question marks and questions – be a critical reader
ii.
Exclamation marks – a great point, or I really agree!
iii.
Smiley faces and other emoticons
iv.
Color your favorite sections. Perhaps draw pictures in the margin that
remind you about the passage’s subject matter or events.
v.
Pictures and graphic organizers. The pictures may express your overall
impression of a paragraph, page, or chapter.
The graphic organizer (Venn diagram, etc.) may give you a handy way to
sort the material in a way that makes sense to you.
- Typical writing
i.
Comments – agreements or disagreements
ii.
Your personal experience
1. Write
a short reference to something that happened to you that the text reminds you
of, or that the text helps you understand better
2. Perhaps
cross-reference to your diary or to your personal journal (e.g., “Diary, Nov. 29, 2004”)
iii.
Random associations
1. Begin
to trust your gut when reading! Does the
passage remind you of a song? Another
book? A story you read? Like some of your dreams, your associations
may carry more psychic weight than you may realize at first. Write the association down in the margin!
2. Cross-reference
the book to other books making the same point.
Use a shortened name for the other book – one you’ll remember,
though. (e.g., “Harry Potter 3”) (This
is a text-to-text connection.)
- Learn what the book teaches. (This is the text-to-world connection.)
- Underline, circle or highlight key words and phrases.
- Cross-reference a term with the book’s explanation of the term, or where the book gives the term fuller treatment.
i.
In other words, put a reference to another page in the
book in the margin where you’re reading.
Use a page number.
ii.
Then, return the favor at the place in the book you
just referred to. You now have a link so
you can find both pages if you find one of them.
- Put your own summaries in the margin
i.
If you summarize a passage in your own words, you’ll
learn the material much better.
ii.
Depending on how closely you wish to study the
material, you may wish to summarize entire sections, paragraphs, or even parts
of paragraphs.
iii.
If you put your summaries in your books instead of
separate notebooks, the book you read and the summary you wrote will reinforce
each other. A positive synergy happens! You’ll also keep your book and your notes in
one place.
- Leave a “trail” in the book that makes it easier to follow when you study the material again.
i.
Make a trail by writing subject matter headings in the
margins. You’ll find the material more
easily the second time through.
ii.
Bracket or highlight sections you think are important
- In the margin, start a working outline of the section you’re reading. Use only two or three levels to start with.
- Create your own index in the back of the book! Click here to see an example of a homemade index.
i.
Don’t set out to make a comprehensive index. Just add items that you want to find later.
ii.
Decide on your own keywords – one or two per
passage. What would you look for if you
returned to the book in a few days? In a
year?
iii.
Use a blank page or pages in the back. Decide on how much space to put before and
after the keyword. If your keyword
starts with “g,” for instance, go about a quarter of the way through the page
or pages you’ve reserved for your index and write the word there.
iv.
Write down the keyword and the page number on which the
keyword is found. If that isn’t specific
enough, write “T,” “M,” or “B” after the page number. Each of those letters tells you where to look
on the page in question; the letters stand for “top,” “middle,” and “bottom,”
respectively.
v.
Does the book already have an index? Add to it with your own keywords to make the
index more useful to you.
- Create a glossary at the beginning or end of a chapter or a book.
i.
Every time you read a word you don’t know that seems
important for your purposes in reading the book, write it down in your
glossary.
ii.
In your glossary next to the word in question, put the
page number where the word may be found.
iii.
Put a very short definition by each word in the
glossary.
- Pick up the author’s style. (This is the reading-to-writing connection.)
- Why? Because you aren’t born with a writing style. You pick it up. Perhaps there’s something that you like about this author’s style but you don’t know what it is. Learn to analyze an author’s writing style in order to pick up parts of her style that becomes natural to you.
- How?
i.
First, reflect a bit.
What do you like about the writer’s style? If nothing occurs to you, consider the tone
of the piece (humorous, passionate, etc.)
Begin to wonder: how did the writer get the tone across? (This method works for discovering how a
writer gets across tone, plot, conflict, and other things.)
ii.
Look for patterns.
1. Read
a paragraph or two or three you really like.
Read it over and over. What
begins to stand out to you?
2. Circle
or underline parts of speech with different colored pens, pencils, or
crayons. Perhaps red for verbs, blue for
nouns, and green for pronouns.
3. Circle
or underline rhetorical devices with different colored writing instruments, or
surround them with different geometric shapes, such as an oval, a rectangle, and
a triangle.
a. What
rhetorical devices?
i.
How she mixes up lengths of sentences
ii.
Sound devices – alliteration, assonance, onomatopoeia,
repetition, internal rhymes, etc.
iii.
You name it!
iii.
Pick a different subject than that covered in the
passage, and deliberately try to use the author’s patterns in your own writing.
iv.
Put your writing aside for a few days, and then edit
it. What remains of what you originally
adopted from the writer’s style? If what
remains is natural and well done, you may have made that part of her style part
of your own style.
- Peter
From slowreads.com
